reading and Image and classifying This using KNN stages

Hi Professionals,

I would love it very much if someone can guide me on the processes of reading a single image and classifying objects on it

using KNN in matlab!

I am not sure of the processes or the where to start hence I am requesting assistance kindly!

Please note I have no code nor the understanding of the stages or the steps that is required to use KNN.

My first step

step 1 read the image into matlab

Step 2 "I am not sure what to do next (Googling the life out of Google! Still Confused)"

please guide me!

Let me thank you in advance for acknowledging me and my request, I appreacite this loads on my quest to learn!

Thank you loads!

[KALYAN ACHARJYA]

Check here (2nd Part)

[Matpar]

Hi KA! Thanks for responding! So i went over to the e.g. but it's in python! Is there a method available in matlab!

I really got the gist of the variations between K means and knn

Thanks

[Matpar]

Can KNN be done for a single image? if yes, what is the steps to do this in MATLAB?

Thank you for acknowledging me and responding in advance!!

Answer 1

[Dheeraj Singh]

To answer your question first we need to understand what KNN is and how it works.

KNN stands for K-nearest neighbors, which is a classification technique.

• Given a sample of images and their classes already known,
• We can take an image as input and find the k-nearest neighbors to the input image
• The k-nearest neighbors are found out based on a ‘distance’ metric which can be changed depending upon the data.
• k can also be changed
• Now depending upon the k-nearest neighbors, we classify the input image.

Now to answer your question: Can KNN be done for a single image

Yes, we can use KNN for a single image if we already have the dataset of sample images for different classes.

If we only have one image and nothing else, then we cannot use KNN.

Please go through the documentation of knn to know more.

[Matpar]

Thank you D. Singh,

I will go through the KKN link you've sent now and see where it jolts my brain, not seeming to get it. I coded the whole example thinking that that was the idea behind KNN(but it's wrong again this is like the millionth time).

Can you help me code a simple example in the mean time please whilst i review the knn link Step By Step?

I would appreaciate this loads! leave comments so that i understand the complicated bits please!

I thank you sincerly for responding and acknowledging me! thank you!

[Matpar]

Can these Steps Work D Singh?

1.Prepare Data(Choose Data Type)

2.Choose an Algorithm KNN base on characteristics

3.Fit a Model=>(fitcknn, ExhaustiveSearch/ KDTreeSearch)classifier model algorithm base on input variables

4.Choose a Validation Method default ( Examine the cross-validation error) 5.Examine Fit and Update Until Satisfied (Tweak Algorithm Values For Optimal Results)

6.Use Fitted Model for Predictions(Ypredicted) for predicting Classification Categories

[Dheeraj Singh]

You can also find an example on a sample dataset in the documentation of knn.

Also, if you can share your example code, the community can help you in making it better or pointing out any issue which may be there.

[Matpar]

This was my example or the KNN (but this is wrong) I am trying to do this from scratch to understand the various stages of how to do the KNN classification

im = imread('car.jpg'); % Read in the source image
figure; imshow(im);
[r,c,s]=size(im); %initialise r,c,s as the size of (im) 
% im is a RGB image therefore im will be 3 dimensional

%initialise the storage variables for each sample region
classes={'Background','Foreground'};
numberofClasses=length(classes); %The Number of The Classes Would be 7 Colours
sample_regions = false([r c numberofClasses]); %initialise a matrics for sample regions not that it is all equal to zeros denoted by the syntax

%Step 1 Selecting the sample regions
figim = figure;
for count=1:numberofClasses % Selecting the sample regions for every 7 class that was created
    set(figim,'name',['Please Select The Sample Region For ' classes{count}]);
    sample_regions(:,:,count)=roipoly(im);
end
close(figim);

%Step 2 After selecting the sample regions it is displayed via the loop
%iterate through all the classes to show all sample regions initialised
for count=1:numberofClasses
    figure
    imshow(sample_regions(:,:,count))
    title(['The Sample Region For' classes{count}]);
end

%Convert RGB image to L*a*B image
%LaB format give an L which is the U value as well as A & B channels 
%This will assist with identifying the labels for the new pixles being
%iterated
%(makecform) is an inbuilt funtion which make a transform from colour names
%to the colour space cordinate system and this is then Converted from
%srgb2lab (Standard Computer Monitor Vlaues and it is converted by the LaB
%function
cform = makecform('srgb2lab');
lab_im=applycform(im,cform); %Apply the conversionform transformation onto the image that was read(im)

% Once the L*a*B Values were calculate The (MEAN) for the (a*) and (*b)
% values for each Region Of Interests (ROI) areas

a=lab_im(:,:,2);
b=lab_im(:,:,3);
color_markers= zeros([numberofClasses, 2]); %This matrix will highlight the values
%of the (MEAN of the a & b varibles for all of the 7 classes that was selected)

for count=1:numberofClasses
    color_markers(count,1)=mean2(a(sample_regions(:,:,count))); %This presents the mean for a of every colour class created
    color_markers(count,2)=mean2(b(sample_regions(:,:,count))); %This presents the mean for b of every colour class created
end



%Step 3 Classify Each Pixel Using The kNearest Neighbour Rule
% Each colour maeker has a* & b* values, Each pixle can be classified in
% the Lab_im image by calculating the Euclidean Distance between the pixel
% and each colour marker
% The Smallest Distance highlights the pixel that closely matches that
% colour marker.
%EG if the distance between the grey and a pixel is the smallest then that
%pixel is labeled grey

color_labels=0:numberofClasses-1; % First initialise colour lables starting from zero, one till five
a=double(a); %converted as a double to perform mathematical operations on these 
b=double(b); %converted as a double to perform mathematical operations on these 
distance=repmat(0, [size(a), numberofClasses]); %initialise a distance matrix to find out each and every pixel from the colour markers


%Performing the Classifiation 
for count=1:numberofClasses %iterating from 1 through the 7 classes
    distance(:,:,count)=((a-color_markers(count,1)).^2+(b-color_markers(count,2)).^2).^0.5;
    %obtaining the Euclidean distance of each and every pixel from the colour marker
end

[value, label]=min(distance,[],3); %assigning the value and the lable as the minimum of the distance 
label=color_labels(label); %The Label here is sorted and assigned to the particular pixel specified as the minimum distance


%Colours='Navy Blue','White'
colors=[0.1686 0.2235 1.0000; 1 1 1];
y=zeros(size(im));
l=double(label)+1;

for m=1:r
    for n=1:c
        y(m,n,:)=colors(l(m,n),:); 
    end
end

figure; imshow(y)
colorbar

% Scatter plot for the nearest neighbour classification
purple = [119/255 73/255 152/255]; %from left red, green, blue, define a new purple color
plot_labels = {'k',purple, 'm'}; %defining the plot labels black red green purple magenta and yellow
hold on
figure;


%plotting the values utilising the standard plot parameters
for count=1:numberofClasses
    plot(a(label==count-1),b(label==count-1), '.','MarkerEdgeColor', plot_labels{count}, 'MarkerFaceColor',...
        plot_labels{count});
    hold on;
   
end

title('Scatterplot of the segmented pixels in ''a*b*'' space');
llabel('''a*'' values');
ylabel('''b*'' values');

[Dheeraj Singh]

Ok...so you want to classify pixels into Background and Foreground.

In this case you can apply KNN on a single image...

Here individual pixels are your data or sample points.

So, when i said you cannot apply knn just on a single image i meant if you are taking an image as one data sample.

But here image is not a data point, the pixels are the data points.

You are selecting an a region of interest for Background and Foreground.

The pixels in the respective regions are your sample points for their respective classes.

Hope this clears your doubt.

[Matpar]

yes DS,

that's what my goal is, do you know of an easier way to get this done?

if so please enlighten me for the knowledge!!