Knob
Knob UI component
Description
A knob UI component represents an instrument control knob and allows an app user
to adjust a value in an app. Use the Knob
object to modify the appearance and
behavior of a knob after you create it.
Creation
Create a knob in an app using the uiknob
function.
Properties
Knob
Value
— Value of knob
0 (default) | numeric value
Value of the knob, specified as a numeric value. The value must be within the range specified
by Limits
.
Example: 10
Data Types: double
Limits
— Minimum and maximum knob values
[0 100] (default) | two-element numeric array
Minimum and maximum knob values, specified as a two-element numeric array. The first value in the array must be less than the second value.
If you change Limits
such that the Value
property is less than the new lower limit, then the Value
property updates to the new lower limit. Similarly, if you change
Limits
such that the Value
is greater than
the new upper limit, then Value
property updates to the new upper
limit.
For example, suppose Limits
is [0 100]
and
the Value
property is 20
. If the
Limits
property changes to [50 100]
, then
the Value
updates to 50
.
Data Types: double
Ticks
MajorTicks
— Major tick mark locations
[0 10 20 ... 100]
(default) | vector of numeric values | []
Major tick mark locations, specified as a vector of numeric values or an empty vector. If you do not want to show major tick marks, specify this property as an empty vector.
Tick locations that are outside the range of the Limits
property do not display.
MATLAB® removes duplicate tick values. However, if a major tick falls on the same value as a minor tick, only the major tick displays.
Setting the MajorTicks
property sets the
MajorTicksMode
property to 'manual'
.
MajorTicksMode
— Major tick creation mode
'auto'
(default) | 'manual'
Major tick creation mode, specified as one of the following:
'auto'
— MATLAB determines the placement of major ticks.'manual'
— You specify theMajorTicks
value array.
MajorTickLabels
— Major tick labels
{'0','10','20',...,'100'}
(default) | cell array of character vectors | string array | {}
| ...
Major tick labels, specified as a cell array of character vectors, string array,
or 1-D categorical array. If you do not want to show tick labels, specify this
property as an empty cell array. If you want to remove a label from a specific tick
mark, specify an empty character vector or empty string scalar for the corresponding
element in the MajorTickLabels
property. If you specify this
property as a categorical array, MATLAB uses the values in the array, not the full set of categories.
If the length of the MajorTickLabels
array is different from
the length of the MajorTicks
vector, MATLAB ignores the extra entries of the longer array. If there are extra
labels, they are ignored. If there are extra tick marks, they display without
labels.
Setting MajorTickLabels
changes the
MajorTickLabelsMode
value to 'manual'
.
MajorTickLabelsMode
— Major tick labels mode
'auto'
(default) | 'manual'
Major tick labels mode, specified as one of the following:
'auto'
— MATLAB specifies the major tick labels.'manual'
— You specify the major tick labels using theMajorTickLabels
property.
MinorTicks
— Minor tick mark locations
[0 2.5 5 7.5 ... 100]
(default) | numeric array
Minor tick mark locations, specified as a vector of numeric values or an empty vector. If you do not want to show minor tick marks, specify this property as an empty vector.
Tick locations that are outside the range of the Limits
property do not display.
MATLAB removes duplicate tick values. However, if a minor tick falls on the same value as a major tick, only the major tick displays.
Setting the MinorTicks
property value sets the
MinorTicksMode
property value to 'manual'
.
MinorTicksMode
— Minor tick creation mode
'auto'
(default) | 'manual'
Minor tick creation mode, specified as one of the following:
'auto'
— MATLAB determines the placement of minor ticks. MATLAB does not generate minor ticks for major ticks that are beyond scale limits. If theLimits
property value changes, then MATLAB updates minor ticks to populate the full scale range (theMinorTicks
property is updated accordingly).'manual'
— You specify theMinorTicks
property numeric array. TheMinorTicks
property value does not change size or content on its own.
Font
FontName
— Font name
system supported font name
Font name, specified as a system supported font name. The default font depends on the specific operating system and locale.
If the specified font is not available, then MATLAB uses the best match among the fonts available on the system where the app is running.
Example: 'Arial'
FontSize
— Font size
positive number
Font size, specified as a positive number. The units of measurement are pixels. The default font size depends on the specific operating system and locale.
Example: 14
FontWeight
— Font weight
'normal'
(default) | 'bold'
Font weight, specified as one of these values:
'normal'
— Default weight as defined by the particular font'bold'
— Thicker character outlines than'normal'
Not all fonts have a bold font weight. For fonts that do not, specifying
'bold'
results in the normal font weight.
FontAngle
— Font angle
'normal'
(default) | 'italic'
Font angle, specified as 'normal'
or 'italic'
.
Not all fonts have an italic font angle. For fonts that do not, specifying
'italic'
results in the normal font angle.
FontColor
— Font color
[0 0 0]
(default) | RGB triplet | hexadecimal color code | 'r'
| 'g'
| 'b'
| ...
Font color, specified as an RGB triplet, a hexadecimal color code, or one of the options listed in the table.
RGB triplets and hexadecimal color codes are useful for specifying custom colors.
An RGB triplet is a three-element row vector whose elements specify the intensities of the red, green, and blue components of the color. The intensities must be in the range
[0,1]
; for example,[0.4 0.6 0.7]
.A hexadecimal color code is a character vector or a string scalar that starts with a hash symbol (
#
) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which can range from0
toF
. The values are not case sensitive. Thus, the color codes"#FF8800"
,"#ff8800"
,"#F80"
, and"#f80"
are equivalent.
Alternatively, you can specify some common colors by name. This table lists the named color options, the equivalent RGB triplets, and hexadecimal color codes.
Color Name | Short Name | RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|---|---|
"red" | "r" | [1 0 0] | "#FF0000" | |
"green" | "g" | [0 1 0] | "#00FF00" | |
"blue" | "b" | [0 0 1] | "#0000FF" | |
"cyan"
| "c" | [0 1 1] | "#00FFFF" | |
"magenta" | "m" | [1 0 1] | "#FF00FF" | |
"yellow" | "y" | [1 1 0] | "#FFFF00" | |
"black" | "k" | [0 0 0] | "#000000" | |
"white" | "w" | [1 1 1] | "#FFFFFF" |
Here are the RGB triplets and hexadecimal color codes for the default colors MATLAB uses in many types of plots.
RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|
[0 0.4470 0.7410] | "#0072BD" | |
[0.8500 0.3250 0.0980] | "#D95319" | |
[0.9290 0.6940 0.1250] | "#EDB120" | |
[0.4940 0.1840 0.5560] | "#7E2F8E" | |
[0.4660 0.6740 0.1880] | "#77AC30" | |
[0.3010 0.7450 0.9330] | "#4DBEEE" | |
[0.6350 0.0780 0.1840] | "#A2142F" |
Interactivity
Visible
— State of visibility
'on'
(default) | on/off logical value
State of visibility, specified as 'on'
or 'off'
,
or as numeric or logical 1
(true
) or
0
(false
). A value of 'on'
is equivalent to true
, and 'off'
is equivalent to
false
. Thus, you can use the value of this property as a logical
value. The value is stored as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState
.
'on'
— Display the object.'off'
— Hide the object without deleting it. You still can access the properties of an invisible UI component.
To make your app start faster, set the Visible
property to
'off'
for all UI components that do not need to appear at
startup.
Enable
— Operational state
'on'
(default) | on/off logical value
Operational state, specified as 'on'
or 'off'
,
or as numeric or logical 1
(true
) or
0
(false
). A value of 'on'
is equivalent to true
, and 'off'
is equivalent to
false
. Thus, you can use the value of this property as a logical
value. The value is stored as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState
.
If you set this property to
'on'
, the app user can interact with the component.If you set this property to
'off'
, the component appears dimmed, indicating that the app user cannot interact with it, and that it will not trigger a callback.
Tooltip
— Tooltip
''
(default) | character vector | cell array of character vectors | string array | 1-D categorical array
Tooltip, specified as a character vector, cell array of character vectors, string array, or 1-D categorical array. Use this property to display a message when the user hovers the pointer over the component at run time. The tooltip displays even when the component is disabled. To display multiple lines of text, specify a cell array of character vectors or a string array. Each element in the array becomes a separate line of text. If you specify this property as a categorical array, MATLAB uses the values in the array, not the full set of categories.
ContextMenu
— Context menu
empty GraphicsPlaceholder
array (default) | ContextMenu
object
Context menu, specified as a ContextMenu
object created using the uicontextmenu
function. Use this property to display a context menu when
you right-click on a component.
Position
Position
— Location and size of knob
[100 100 60 60]
(default) | [left bottom width height]
Location and size of the knob, excluding tick marks and labels, specified as the
vector, [left bottom width height]
. This table describes each
element in the vector.
Element | Description |
---|---|
left | Distance from the inner left edge of the parent container to the outer left edge of the knob |
bottom | Distance from the inner bottom edge of the parent container to the outer bottom edge of the knob |
width | Distance between the right and left outer edges of the knob, excluding tick marks and labels |
height | Distance between the top and bottom outer edges of the knob, excluding tick marks and labels |
All measurements are in pixel units. Due to aspect ratio constraints,
you cannot change the knob height and width independently of one another. To increase
the knob size, set width and height using Position(3:4) = [width
height]
.
The Position
values are relative to the
drawable area of the parent container. The drawable area is the area
inside the borders of the container and does not include the area occupied by decorations such
as a menu bar or title.
Example: [100 200 60 60
InnerPosition
— Inner location and size of knob
[100 100 60 60]
(default) | [left bottom width height]
Inner location and size of the knob, excluding tick marks and tick labels,
specified as the vector, [left bottom width height]
. Position
values are relative to the parent container. All measurements are in pixel units. This
property value is identical to the Position
property.
OuterPosition
— Outer location and size of knob
[73 80 115 105]
(default) | [left bottom width height]
This property is read-only.
Outer location and size of knob, including tick marks and tick labels, specified
as the vector, [left bottom width height]
. Position values are
relative to the parent container. All measurements are in pixel units.
Layout
— Layout options
empty LayoutOptions
array (default) | GridLayoutOptions
object
Layout options, specified as a
GridLayoutOptions
object. This property specifies options for
components that are children of grid layout containers. If the component is not a
child of a grid layout container (for example, it is a child of a figure or panel),
then this property is empty and has no effect. However, if the component is a child of
a grid layout container, you can place the component in the desired row and column of
the grid by setting the Row
and Column
properties on the GridLayoutOptions
object.
For example, this code places a knob in the third row and second column of its parent grid.
g = uigridlayout([4 3]); k = uiknob(g); k.Layout.Row = 3; k.Layout.Column = 2;
To make the knob span multiple rows or columns, specify the
Row
or Column
property as a two-element
vector. For example, this knob spans columns 2
through
3
:
k.Layout.Column = [2 3];
Callbacks
ValueChangedFcn
— Value changed callback
''
(default) | function handle | cell array | character vector
Value changed callback, specified as one of these values:
A function handle.
A cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.
A character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.
This callback executes when the user changes the knob selector to point to a different value.
This callback function can access specific information about the user’s
interaction with the knob. MATLAB passes this information in a ValueChangedData
object as the second argument to your callback function.
In App Designer, the argument is called event
. You can query the
object properties using dot notation. For example,
event.PreviousValue
returns the previous value of the knob. The
ValueChangedData
object is not available to
callback functions specified as character vectors.
The following table lists the properties of the ValueChangedData
object.
Property | Value |
---|---|
Value | Value of knob after app user’s most recent interaction with it. |
PreviousValue | Value of knob before app user’s most recent interaction with it. |
Source | Component that executes the callback. |
EventName | 'ValueChanged' |
For more information about writing callbacks, see Callbacks in App Designer.
ValueChangingFcn
— Value changing callback
''
(default) | function handle | cell array | character vector
Value changing callback, specified as one of these values:
A function handle.
A cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.
A character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.
This callback executes as the user turns the knob in the app. It does not execute
if the Value
property changes programmatically.
This callback function can access specific information about the user’s
interaction with the knob. MATLAB passes this information in a ValueChangingData
object as the second argument to your callback
function. In App Designer, the argument is called event
. You can
query the object properties using dot notation. For example,
event.Value
returns the current value of the knob. The ValueChangingData
object is not available to callback
functions specified as character vectors.
The following table lists the properties of the ValueChangingData
object.
Property | Value |
---|---|
Value | Current value of the knob as the app user is interacting with it. |
Source | Component that executes the callback. |
EventName | 'ValueChanging' |
The Value
property of the Knob
object is not updated until the app user releases the knob.
Therefore, to get the knob values as the knob is being turned, your code must get the
Value
property of the ValueChangingData
object.
Note
Avoid updating the Value
property of the
Knob
object from within its own
ValueChangingFcn
callback, as this might result in unexpected
behavior. To update the knob value in response to user input, use a
ValueChangedFcn
callback instead.
The callback executes as follows:
If the app user clicks the knob value, the callback executes once. For example, if the knob is on 1.0, and the app user single-clicks 1.1, the callback executes.
If the app user clicks and drags the knob to a new position, the callback executes repeatedly. For example, if the knob value is 1.0, and the app user clicks, holds, and drags to value 10.0, the callback executes multiple times until the app user releases the knob.
For more information about writing callbacks, see Callbacks in App Designer.
CreateFcn
— Creation function
''
(default) | function handle | cell array | character vector
Object creation function, specified as one of these values:
Function handle.
Cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.
Character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.
For more information about specifying a callback as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Callbacks in App Designer.
This property specifies a callback function to execute when MATLAB creates the object. MATLAB initializes all property values before executing the CreateFcn
callback. If you do not specify the CreateFcn
property, then MATLAB executes a default creation function.
Setting the CreateFcn
property on an existing component has no effect.
If you specify this property as a function handle or cell array, you can access the object that is being created using the first argument of the callback function. Otherwise, use the gcbo
function to access the object.
DeleteFcn
— Deletion function
''
(default) | function handle | cell array | character vector
Object deletion function, specified as one of these values:
Function handle.
Cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.
Character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.
For more information about specifying a callback as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Callbacks in App Designer.
This property specifies a callback function to execute when MATLAB deletes the object. MATLAB executes the DeleteFcn
callback before destroying the
properties of the object. If you do not specify the DeleteFcn
property, then MATLAB executes a default deletion function.
If you specify this property as a function handle or cell array, you can access the
object that is being deleted using the first argument of the callback function.
Otherwise, use the gcbo
function to access the
object.
Callback Execution Control
Interruptible
— Callback interruption
'on'
(default) | on/off logical value
Callback interruption, specified as 'on'
or 'off'
, or as
numeric or logical 1
(true
) or
0
(false
). A value of 'on'
is equivalent to true
, and 'off'
is equivalent to
false
. Thus, you can use the value of this property as a logical
value. The value is stored as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState
.
This property determines if a running callback can be interrupted. There are two callback states to consider:
The running callback is the currently executing callback.
The interrupting callback is a callback that tries to interrupt the running callback.
MATLAB determines callback interruption behavior whenever it executes a command that
processes the callback queue. These commands include drawnow
, figure
, uifigure
, getframe
, waitfor
, and pause
.
If the running callback does not contain one of these commands, then no interruption occurs. MATLAB first finishes executing the running callback, and later executes the interrupting callback.
If the running callback does contain one of these commands, then the
Interruptible
property of the object that owns the running
callback determines if the interruption occurs:
If the value of
Interruptible
is'off'
, then no interruption occurs. Instead, theBusyAction
property of the object that owns the interrupting callback determines if the interrupting callback is discarded or added to the callback queue.If the value of
Interruptible
is'on'
, then the interruption occurs. The next time MATLAB processes the callback queue, it stops the execution of the running callback and executes the interrupting callback. After the interrupting callback completes, MATLAB then resumes executing the running callback.
Note
Callback interruption and execution behave differently in these situations:
If the interrupting callback is a
DeleteFcn
,CloseRequestFcn
, orSizeChangedFcn
callback, then the interruption occurs regardless of theInterruptible
property value.If the running callback is currently executing the
waitfor
function, then the interruption occurs regardless of theInterruptible
property value.If the interrupting callback is owned by a
Timer
object, then the callback executes according to schedule regardless of theInterruptible
property value.
BusyAction
— Callback queuing
'queue'
(default) | 'cancel'
Callback queuing, specified as 'queue'
or 'cancel'
. The BusyAction
property determines how MATLAB handles the execution of interrupting callbacks. There are two callback states to consider:
The running callback is the currently executing callback.
The interrupting callback is a callback that tries to interrupt the running callback.
The BusyAction
property determines callback queuing behavior only
when both of these conditions are met:
Under these conditions, the BusyAction
property of the
object that owns the interrupting callback determines how MATLAB handles the interrupting callback. These are possible values of the
BusyAction
property:
'queue'
— Puts the interrupting callback in a queue to be processed after the running callback finishes execution.'cancel'
— Does not execute the interrupting callback.
BeingDeleted
— Deletion status
on/off logical value
This property is read-only.
Deletion status, returned as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState
.
MATLAB sets the BeingDeleted
property to
'on'
when the DeleteFcn
callback begins
execution. The BeingDeleted
property remains set to
'on'
until the component object no longer exists.
Check the value of the BeingDeleted
property to verify that the object is not about to be deleted before querying or modifying it.
Parent/Child
Parent
— Parent container
Figure
object (default) | Panel
object | Tab
object | ButtonGroup
object | GridLayout
object
Parent container, specified as a Figure
object
created using the uifigure
function, or one of its child
containers: Tab
, Panel
, ButtonGroup
, or GridLayout
. If no container is specified, MATLAB calls the uifigure
function to create a new Figure
object that serves as the parent container.
HandleVisibility
— Visibility of object handle
'on'
(default) | 'callback'
| 'off'
Visibility of the object handle, specified as 'on'
, 'callback'
,
or 'off'
.
This property controls the visibility of the object in its parent's
list of children. When an object is not visible in its parent's list
of children, it is not returned by functions that obtain objects by
searching the object hierarchy or querying properties. These functions
include get
, findobj
, clf
,
and close
. Objects are valid
even if they are not visible. If you can access an object, you can
set and get its properties, and pass it to any function that operates
on objects.
HandleVisibility Value | Description |
---|---|
'on' | The object is always visible. |
'callback' | The object is visible from within callbacks or functions invoked by callbacks, but not from within functions invoked from the command line. This option blocks access to the object at the command-line, but allows callback functions to access it. |
'off' | The object is invisible at all times. This option is useful
for preventing unintended changes to the UI by another function. Set
the HandleVisibility to 'off' to
temporarily hide the object during the execution of that function.
|
Identifiers
Type
— Type of graphics object
'uiknob'
This property is read-only.
Type of graphics object, returned as 'uiknob'
.
Tag
— Object identifier
''
(default) | character vector | string scalar
Object identifier, specified as a character vector or string scalar. You can specify a unique Tag
value to serve as an identifier for an object. When you need access to the object elsewhere in your code, you can use the findobj
function to search for the object based on the Tag
value.
UserData
— User data
[]
(default) | array
User data, specified as any MATLAB array. For example, you can specify a scalar, vector, matrix, cell array, character array, table, or structure. Use this property to store arbitrary data on an object.
If you are working in App Designer, create public or private properties in the app to share data instead of using the UserData
property. For more information, see Share Data Within App Designer Apps.
Examples
Set and Access Continuous Knob Property Values
Create a continuous knob in a figure.
fig = uifigure; kb = uiknob(fig);
Determine the knob limits.
limits = kb.Limits
limits = 0 100
Change the limits and the knob value.
kb.Limits = [-10 10]; kb.Value = 5;
Code Response to Changed Discrete Knob Setting
Create a discrete knob that performs an action after the app user turns it. Turning the knob updates the value of an edit field to reflect the app user's choice.
Copy and paste the following code into a file named
displayknobvalue.m
on your MATLAB path. This code creates a window containing a discrete knob and an edit
field. It specifies a ValueChangedFcn
callback to update the edit
field when the knob is turned.
function displayKnobValue % Create figure window fig = uifigure('Position',[100 100 283 275]); % Create the text field txt = uieditfield(fig,'text',... 'Position', [69 82 100 22]); % Create the knob kb = uiknob(fig,'discrete',... 'Position',[89 142 60 60],... 'ValueChangedFcn',@(kb,event) knobTurned(kb,txt)); end % Code the knob callback function function knobTurned(knob,txt) txt.Value = knob.Value; end
Run displayKnobValue
, and then turn the knob. When you release
the mouse button, the edit field is updated to reflect the new knob value.
Version History
Introduced in R2016a
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