System ID function AR or ARMAX
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Kin Cheong Sou
on 15 Sep 2021
Commented: Kin Cheong Sou
on 18 Sep 2021
Hello,
I am trying to fit a sum of two exponentials with time-domain data using system identification toolbox functions ar or armax. It appears that the fitting quality is not good and it's not my expectation. I attach my simple code below. I wonder if I made any simple mistakes. Any idea would be welcome. Thanks!
% generate data: sum of 2 exp
N = 1000;
x = (0:(N-1))';
y0 = exp(-0.01*x)+0.8*exp(-0.1*x); % positive sum of two decaying exp
y = y0+0.01*max(y0)*randn(N,1); % add a bit of noise
% apply SYSID tools: ar or armax
n = 2;
yid = iddata(y,[],1);
%sys = ar(yid,n);
sys = armax(yid,[n 0]);
[yh, FIT, x0] = compare(yid,sys);
% show results
figure(1);
clf;
plot(x,y,x,yh.y,'LineWidth',4);
legend('data','SYSID');
disp('system poles');
disp(roots(sys.a));
Kin
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Accepted Answer
Ivo Houtzager
on 16 Sep 2021
Edited: Ivo Houtzager
on 17 Sep 2021
Define a step input, and fit OE model as this model structure fits your data the best. See updated code below.
% generate data: sum of 2 exp
d = 10; % input delay
p = 100; % start step
N = 1000;
x = [zeros(p+d,1); (1:(N-p-d))'];
y0 = exp(-0.01*x)+0.8*exp(-0.1*x); % positive sum of two decaying exp
y = y0+0.01*max(y0)*randn(N,1); % add a bit of noise
y = y - y0(1); % remove start value, as fit model around steady state zero
u = [zeros(p,1); ones(N-p,1)];
yid = iddata(y,u,1);
% apply SYSID tools: oe
n = 2;
[sys1,ic1] = oe(yid,[n n d]);
[yh1, FIT1] = compare(yid,sys1);
% apply SYSID tools: oe with initial estimate
init_sys = idpoly(zpk(0.8,[0.99 0.9],-y0(1),1)); % initial sys
init_sys.nk = d; % number of samples input delay
opt = oeOptions('InitialCondition','zero'); % initial state
[sys2,ic2] = oe(yid,init_sys,opt);
[yh2, FIT2] = compare(yid,sys2);
% show results
figure(1);
clf;
t = 0:N-1;
plot(t,u,t,y+y0(1),t,yh1.y+y0(1),t,yh2.y+y0(1),'LineWidth',4);
legend('input','data','SYSID1','SYSID2');
disp('system poles');
disp(roots(sys2.f));
3 Comments
Ivo Houtzager
on 17 Sep 2021
Edited: Ivo Houtzager
on 17 Sep 2021
Compared to the ARX model, the OE model optimization problem is non-linear. Thus the optimization is non-convex. Depending on the initial values, the non-linear optimization can get sometimes stuck in local optimum instead of going to global optimum. If you have an initial estimate or guess of parameters, you can give that as an option to the OE function to improve the convergence. The ARX model optimization problem is linear and does not have this issue as this optimization is convex, but will require high-order model to get a decent fit on your data.
For your second issue, you also have to pad the same number of samples of constant values to the output y as well.
I have updated the code in answer with example to remove the warning and to apply an initial estimate.
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