IIR Filter

Implement infinite impulse response (IIR) filter

Since R2020a

• 

Libraries:
Motor Control Blockset / Signal Management
Motor Control Blockset HDL Support / Signal Management

Description

The IIR Filter block implements a discrete first-order infinite impulse response (IIR) filter on the specified input signal. The block supports fixed-point and floating-point data types. The block is also optimized for code generation when you use it with the model settings and configuration adopted by the examples shipped with Motor Control Blockset™.

It is recommended that you use a fixed-step discrete solver for this block to enable code generation and ensure accurate simulation.

Equations

You can configure the IIR filter by using the filter coefficient ($$a$$) block parameter to set the required cutoff frequency (f_c) for the filter. Optionally, you can also provide the filter coefficient value through an input port.

If you know the cutoff frequency of the filter, you can compute the required filter coefficient using this equation:

$a= \left( \frac{2\pi T_s{f}_c}{2\pi T_s{f}_c+1} \right)$

The block also includes the option of displaying the cutoff frequency for a given filter coefficient and sample time on the block mask.

Use the Filter type parameter to configure the block either as a lowpass or highpass filter.

The following two equations describe how the block computes its output.

Lowpass Filter:

$$y\left(k\right)=a\cdot x\left(k\right)+(1-a)\cdot y\left(k-1\right)$$

Highpass Filter:

$$y\left(k\right)=(1-a)\left[x\left(k\right)-x\left(k-1\right)+y\left(k-1\right)\right]$$

where:

• f_c is the cutoff frequency of the IIR filter.

• $$a$$ is the filter coefficient (0 < a ≤ 1).

• $y\left(k\right)$ is the output value at time $$k$$.

• $y\left(k-1\right)$ is the output value at time $k-1$.

• $x\left(k\right)$ is the input value at time $$k$$.

• $x\left(k-1\right)$ is the input value at time $k-1$.

• T_s is the sample time of the IIR Filter block.

Ports

Input

x — Sampled input signal

scalar

Sampled values of the raw input signal in the time domain.

Data Types: single | double | fixed point

a — Filter coefficient

scalar

Filter coefficient of the IIR filter. The data type of this signal must be same as that of the input signal x. This may restrict the signal precision when used with fixed point data type.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Filter coefficient parameter to Input port.

Data Types: single | double | fixed point

Output

y — Filtered output signal

scalar

Filtered output signal returned by the IIR Filter block in the time domain.

Data Types: single | double | fixed point

Parameters

Filter type — IIR filter type

Low-pass (default) | High-pass

Type of IIR filter.

Filter coefficient — Filter coefficient input method

Specify via dialog (default) | Input port

Select one of these methods to specify the filter coefficient:

• Specify via dialog — Select this option if you want to specify the filter coefficient value using the block parameters dialog box.

• Input port — Select this option if you want to specify the filter coefficient value using an input port.

Filter coefficient value — Filter coefficient of IIR filter

0.01 (default) | scalar in the range (0,1]

Filter coefficient of the IIR filter. The data type of this signal must be same as that of the input signal x. This may restrict the signal precision when used with fixed point data type.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Filter coefficient parameter to Specify via dialog.

Display cutoff frequency — Display the cutoff frequency parameters

off (default) | on

Select this parameter for the block to display the Theoretical cutoff frequency (Hz) parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Filter coefficient parameter to Specify via dialog.

Discrete step size (s) — Sample time after which block executes again

50e-6 (default) | scalar

The fixed time interval (in seconds) between every two consecutive instances of block execution.

Note

The block uses this value to compute and display the Theoretical cutoff frequency (Hz) in the block dialog box. This parameter does not set the sample time of the block. The block inherits the sample time from the model.

Dependencies

To display this parameter:

• Set the Filter coefficient parameter to Specify via dialog.

• Select the Display cutoff frequency parameter.

Theoretical cutoff frequency (Hz) — Theoretical cutoff frequency of IIR filter

32.1525 | scalar

Computed theoretical cutoff frequency (in Hertz) of the IIR filter. This parameter is not configurable.

Dependencies

To display this parameter:

• Set the Filter coefficient parameter to Specify via dialog.

• Select the Display cutoff frequency parameter.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

HDL Code Generation

Generate VHDL, Verilog and SystemVerilog code for FPGA and ASIC designs using HDL Coder™.

HDL Coder™ provides additional configuration options that affect HDL implementation and synthesized logic.

HDL Architecture

This block has one default HDL architecture.

HDL Block Properties

ConstrainedOutputPipeline	Number of registers to place at the outputs by moving existing delays within your design. Distributed pipelining does not redistribute these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see ConstrainedOutputPipeline (HDL Coder).
InputPipeline	Number of input pipeline stages to insert in the generated code. Distributed pipelining and constrained output pipelining can move these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see InputPipeline (HDL Coder).
OutputPipeline	Number of output pipeline stages to insert in the generated code. Distributed pipelining and constrained output pipelining can move these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see OutputPipeline (HDL Coder).

Fixed-Point Conversion
Design and simulate fixed-point systems using Fixed-Point Designer™.

Version History

Introduced in R2020a